These elements define a complex scenario for decision makers. Key to guiding decisions will be a systematic account of the relationships between wetland restoration variables and the supply of individual ES, for which the evidence base needs to be expanded. Indeed the low positive correlation between the recovery of biodiversity and ES suggests that reliable modeling of restoration outcomes will require incorporating multiple indicators that capture biodiversity, ES supply, and ecosystem processes. Such indicators should also include performance indicators that describe how much of available ES can be exploited [19], since biodiversity-related ES, for example, vary over time and space and are species-dependent. This poses a challenge for model-building, since simple models for simultaneously maximizing biodiversity and ES are unrealistic or ambitious [35], such that the two variables are not necessarily maximized in the same wetland [6]. The model that we have developed here may provide a basis for future studies that optimize biodiversity and ES supply for specific habitats and contexts.