Limitations of this study include the small sample size, the specific gender and elderly club members, non-randomization, and non-blinded outcome measures. In addition, non-significant difference in most study variables are needed to re-studied. An increase in sample size and random sampling may elucidate this phenomenon. In spite of these limitations, this study has several strengths. Firstly it has demonstrated the efficacy of a community-based exercise program and secondly it has provided important baseline data to inform future intervention studies. Further studies also need to be undertaken including women who are not members of clubs, who are still working in communities, and who are completely non-exercising