a thematic analysis within and across cases showed four common patterns in how discussionquestions influenced the taking of a critical stance: raising consciousness on issues, identifyingmultiple perspectives, developing a critical stance, and applying the critical stance to writing.Finally, there were two dimensional factors promoting student engagement in the critical readingpractice: external factors including course grades, course requirements, instructors, and groupmembers; and internal factors such as culturally-mediated expectations, English proficiency, the purpose of learning English, and attitudes toward the critical reading practice. Student engagement and interaction, promoted through the eight factors, increased the amount of student
use of both spoken and written English in the classroom. Thus, the critical literacy approach can be expected to contribute to growth in English proficiencies.
a thematic analysis within and across cases showed four common patterns in how discussionquestions influenced the taking of a critical stance: raising consciousness on issues, identifyingmultiple perspectives, developing a critical stance, and applying the critical stance to writing.Finally, there were two dimensional factors promoting student engagement in the critical readingpractice: external factors including course grades, course requirements, instructors, and groupmembers; and internal factors such as culturally-mediated expectations, English proficiency, the purpose of learning English, and attitudes toward the critical reading practice. Student engagement and interaction, promoted through the eight factors, increased the amount of studentuse of both spoken and written English in the classroom. Thus, the critical literacy approach can be expected to contribute to growth in English proficiencies.
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