engage in deviant behavior, that is, playing background
music too loud; as a result, equipment alarms must be
increased to compensate, and thus, out of deviance, a
new “normal” emerges.6
Today, ORs are equipped with surround sound and
iPod docking stations despite evidence that OR environments
affect surgical efficiencies. A single-facility, blind
study determined that peak noise levels during neurologic
and orthopedic surgeries exceeded 100 dB more than
40% of the time, with the highest levels routinely greater
than 120 dB.7 Contextually, to understand noise exposure
levels as it relates to everyday events, the noise generated
from a lawnmower is 90 dB, an ambulance siren
is 120 dB, a jet engine during takeoff is 140 dB8, and a
shotgun discharge is 130 dB, which is equaled in the OR
when high-pressure hoses are disconnected or a mallet
strike occurs.4 Moreover, as a result of hard materials
and relatively small rooms, there are longer reverberation
times, causing noise to dissipate over a longer period.9
Technology contributes to noise. Noise is a health
hazard, is a source of stress, and impairs concentration
and communication. The genetic makeup of humans
does not evolve at the rate of technology. Noise exposure,
sensory overload, and the capacity to adapt to this stimulus
without physical and psychological consequences are
absent from the human condition. The World Health
Organization (WHO) has recognized environmental
noise as harmful pollution that causes adverse psychosocial
and physiologic effects on human health.2 These
implications notwithstanding, noise in the OR is unavoidable,
but music is a choice.
The purpose of this literature review is to provide
engage in deviant behavior, that is, playing backgroundmusic too loud; as a result, equipment alarms must beincreased to compensate, and thus, out of deviance, anew “normal” emerges.6Today, ORs are equipped with surround sound andiPod docking stations despite evidence that OR environmentsaffect surgical efficiencies. A single-facility, blindstudy determined that peak noise levels during neurologicand orthopedic surgeries exceeded 100 dB more than40% of the time, with the highest levels routinely greaterthan 120 dB.7 Contextually, to understand noise exposurelevels as it relates to everyday events, the noise generatedfrom a lawnmower is 90 dB, an ambulance sirenis 120 dB, a jet engine during takeoff is 140 dB8, and ashotgun discharge is 130 dB, which is equaled in the ORwhen high-pressure hoses are disconnected or a malletstrike occurs.4 Moreover, as a result of hard materialsand relatively small rooms, there are longer reverberationtimes, causing noise to dissipate over a longer period.9Technology contributes to noise. Noise is a healthhazard, is a source of stress, and impairs concentrationand communication. The genetic makeup of humansdoes not evolve at the rate of technology. Noise exposure,sensory overload, and the capacity to adapt to this stimuluswithout physical and psychological consequences areabsent from the human condition. The World HealthOrganization (WHO) has recognized environmentalเสียงเป็นมลพิษที่เป็นอันตรายที่ทำร้ายจิตใจและทางสรีรวิทยาผลบน health.2 มนุษย์เหล่านี้ผลกระทบอย่างไรก็ตาม ในหรือเป็นต้นแต่เพลงที่เป็นตัวเลือกวัตถุประสงค์ของการทบทวนวรรณกรรมคือการ ให้
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..