3.3. Effect of frequency on UTPP
In order to study the effect of ultrasonic frequency, the extraction
was also performed at 40 kHz. It has been found that the
extraction was higher at 25 kHz at 204W. The yield of mangiferin
was obtained to be around 28 mg/g and 22 mg/g at 25 kHz and
40 kHz respectively. It has been stated in literature that that the
cavitation yield decreases as frequency increases because the cavitation
bubbles tend to be smaller and less energetic, thereby
reducing the yield (Kirpalani and McQuinn, 2006). Previous studies
have reported similar trend in their research where low frequency
was found to be preferable. (Luque De Castro and Capote, 2007;
Swamy and Narayana, 2001). Studies in the leaching of tannins
from Salix phylicifolia have stated the reason behind getting higher
extraction at lower frequencies could be because at low frequencies,
there is less scattering and attenuation of sound waves and
also cavitation is easily possible compared to higher frequencies
(Luque De Castro and Capote, 2007). Hence, further experiments
were performed at 25 kHz frequency
3.3. Effect of frequency on UTPPIn order to study the effect of ultrasonic frequency, the extractionwas also performed at 40 kHz. It has been found that theextraction was higher at 25 kHz at 204W. The yield of mangiferinwas obtained to be around 28 mg/g and 22 mg/g at 25 kHz and40 kHz respectively. It has been stated in literature that that thecavitation yield decreases as frequency increases because the cavitationbubbles tend to be smaller and less energetic, therebyreducing the yield (Kirpalani and McQuinn, 2006). Previous studieshave reported similar trend in their research where low frequencywas found to be preferable. (Luque De Castro and Capote, 2007;Swamy and Narayana, 2001). Studies in the leaching of tanninsfrom Salix phylicifolia have stated the reason behind getting higherextraction at lower frequencies could be because at low frequencies,there is less scattering and attenuation of sound waves andalso cavitation is easily possible compared to higher frequencies(Luque De Castro and Capote, 2007). Hence, further experimentswere performed at 25 kHz frequency
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