The author created original four questions to survey the tendency of online collaboration as a result of social
norms and situational needs. Social norm, or subjective norm, is a term that is defined here as the peer
pressure from inside and outside collaborative groups (Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980, p. 8). Situational norm can
be measured via the likelihood of a particular behavior resulting from the influence of peer-pressure.
Situational needs include individual’s socio-economic status, anxiety, and cultural background. In an online
learning environment, situational needs may be reflected by whether a subject will take an action if he/she is
required to or has an option to perform certain actions. The survey were attached as Appendix A. Question 1
from appendix A was on social norm, and questions 2 – 4 were related to the construct of situational needs