Comorbidities
COPD is commonly associated with comorbidities (222–235),
which often have significant impact on symptoms, functional
status, and outcomes (236–238). The presence of comorbidities
needs to be considered in the context of enrolling individuals for
and monitoring individuals within pulmonary rehabilitation
programs, to ensure safety and enhance outcomes. The impact
of comorbidities on attendance, completion, and outcomes of
pulmonary rehabilitation is as yet unknown (117, 118, 239, 240).