Many different
succinic acid producing Gram-negative bacteria have been isolated
in various anaerobic environments such as domestic sludge,
cattle waste, rice paddy, marine shipworm, mouth of dog, rumen
and gastro-intestines. To date, the bacteria isolated from the
rumen, including A. succinogenes and M. succiniciproducens,
are the best candidates for succinic acid production as they produce
succinic acid as a major fermentation product.