Although WR is consumed as a staple food, its composition
(about 90% starch in dry solids) may lead to a nutritional imbalance.
The vitamin B1 (thiamin)-deficiency disease, ‘‘beriberi”, is a
representative illness related to the nutritional imbalance caused
by the consumption of WR. BR, which contains bran and embryo,
has a higher nutritional value than that of WR, because the bran
and embryo contain numerous nutritional and bioactive components
including dietary fiber, functional lipids, amino acids,
vitamins, phytosterols, phenolic compounds, gamma-aminobutyric
acid (GABA) and minerals.