Conclusions
In the present study, we demonstrated that the pre-bloom
application of GA3 to ‘Kyoho’ grapevine inflorescences
promoted the opening of flowers and fruit coloring, and
also induced seed abortion. Furthermore, our comparison
of the global expression profiles of GA3 treated and untreated
grape flowers indicated that the GA response was
complex, with alterations in the expression of genes involved
in a large number of processes. These findings
imply that GA3-induced changes in the morphology of
grape inflorescences may be related to the regulation of
hormone biosynthesis and signaling, the levels of various
transcription factors, changes in secondary metabolites,
and the stability of redox homeostasis. Our results provide
valuable information concerning genes and pathways that
are differentially expressed during the early GA3-responsive
phase (1 h and 24 h), which will be useful for the further
study of the GA3 response mechanism in grape