operating budget, financial budget, flexible budget, capital budget, value chain analysis, total-life
cycle costing, target costing, environmental costing, benchmarking, balanced scorecard, and quality
costing. There were only four management accounting techniques having no significant association
with business characteristic, i.e. standard costing, job order costing, process costing, and keizen
costing.
3. Majority of the ITB respondents agreed that barriers which they had encountered when using
management accounting techniques were the delay and incomplete data received by the accounting
department, a lack of proper accounting system, and accountants having inadequate knowledge in
management accounting. On the other hand, Non-ITB’s barriers were a lack of proper accounting
system, accounting officers having insufficient knowledge in management accounting and the
management lacking skill to adopt management accounting.
4. There were fourteen common aspects of management accounting techniques surveyed in this
SMEs research and the previous research done by Phadoongsitthi (2003) on Thai public companies.
The comparison of those fourteen common techniques between two research findings, in other words,
between Thai public companies and Thai SMEs was made. The comparison showed both similarities
and differences. The similarities were operating budget and financial budget, while the differences
were absorption costing, standard costing, normal costing, actual costing, capital budget, variable
costing and segment report. However, because of the limitation of existing data, the inferential
statistics could not be performed to determine the significant association between the characteristic
of being SME or public company and the employment of the management accounting techniques
difference or not.