what different than those traditionally used. Typically, memory span tests employ
a set of potential items from which the “to-be-remembered” strings are drawn
without replacement (e.g., digits from 1 to 9, with no digit appearing more than
once in a string). In this study, memory spans were based on binary stimuli in
which either or both of the two stimuli could appear more than once (e.g., se-
quences of red and yellow squares). Although it can safely be assumed that the
tests used in this study do measure memory, they may not involve the same
mechanisms and processes as the more traditional memory span tests. The cur-
rent tests may involve more memory for patterns than memory for strings. How-
ever, despite the fact that the current memory span tests are somewhat
unconventional, it is clear that the resulting memory span scores do relate to
intelligence.
188 MILLER AND VERNON
The minimal relationship between RT and intelligence in young children
raises the question as to why processing speed is related to intelligence in adoles-
cents and adults but only marginally in children. It is well established that the
relationship between RT and intelligence increases with increasing complexity of
the RT task. Therefore, it could be speculated that the lack of a relationship
between RT and intelligence could be attributable to using RT tasks that are
overly simple. The magnitude of the mean RTs and the variability in RTs in this
study would suggest that the tests used in the current study were not overly
simple. Further, although accuracy rates were high, they were not 100% and
showed variability across subjects. Three of the tests in the RT battery had mem-
ory load requirements in which it was necessary for subjects to retain previously
presented information for a brief period of time (Shape String Test, Color String
Test, and Matching Test). Although the RT tests used in this study may appear to
what different than those traditionally used. Typically, memory span tests employ
a set of potential items from which the “to-be-remembered” strings are drawn
without replacement (e.g., digits from 1 to 9, with no digit appearing more than
once in a string). In this study, memory spans were based on binary stimuli in
which either or both of the two stimuli could appear more than once (e.g., se-
quences of red and yellow squares). Although it can safely be assumed that the
tests used in this study do measure memory, they may not involve the same
mechanisms and processes as the more traditional memory span tests. The cur-
rent tests may involve more memory for patterns than memory for strings. How-
ever, despite the fact that the current memory span tests are somewhat
unconventional, it is clear that the resulting memory span scores do relate to
intelligence.
188 MILLER AND VERNON
The minimal relationship between RT and intelligence in young children
raises the question as to why processing speed is related to intelligence in adoles-
cents and adults but only marginally in children. It is well established that the
relationship between RT and intelligence increases with increasing complexity of
the RT task. Therefore, it could be speculated that the lack of a relationship
between RT and intelligence could be attributable to using RT tasks that are
overly simple. The magnitude of the mean RTs and the variability in RTs in this
study would suggest that the tests used in the current study were not overly
simple. Further, although accuracy rates were high, they were not 100% and
showed variability across subjects. Three of the tests in the RT battery had mem-
ory load requirements in which it was necessary for subjects to retain previously
presented information for a brief period of time (Shape String Test, Color String
Test, and Matching Test). Although the RT tests used in this study may appear to
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