5. Differences between the English and Thai writing systems: Some aspects of the English writing system differ from those in Thai. These include the use of word spaces and capital letters. In this study, lack of word spaces was found more frequently (52%) than extra word spaces (48%), such as in for , and for , as opposed to for and for . The omission of word spaces may occur because Thai does not exploit spaces between words, instead deploying them to demonstrate clause or sentence boundaries, as in < > (/tɕʰ nr kkʰun t ːkʰunm jjr k
tɕʰ n/- ). In contrast to Thai, rules for the use of word spaces in English are very strict.
The problem of using capitals mainly occurred with proper nouns. The learners did not use upper case when they wrote Thai and English proper nouns and common nouns which follow proper nouns. Instead of using capital letters, they used lower case, as in for , for