1. Radiologic procedures outside the abdomen/ pelvis
For diagnostic radiologic procedures outside the abdomen/pelvis, including the head and neck, the chest, and all extremities, the only radiation to which the conceptus is exposed is that of scattered radiation, which characteristically results in a very low dose. Only under unusual circumstances does the conceptus incur significant radiation exposure. When standard precautions are taken to avoid direct irradiation of the abdomen/pelvis through the use of patient positioning and X-ray beam collimation, the dose delivered does not pose significant risk to the conceptus.