Muscle tone is the resistance of muscle to passive elongation or stretch .
There is a broad range of normal muscle tone seen in healthy individuals. Abnormal muscle tone is often separated into two major categories: hypotonicity and hypertonicity. Hypotonicity is reduced muscle tone resulting from a decreased or absent neural drive to the muscle.
It is often seen acutely after stroke as a result of damage to the corticospinal neurons, appearing as a decreased resistance to passive movement and a decreased or absent stretch reflex response.
Hypertonicity, also referred to as spasticity or hyperreflexia, is increased muscle tone resulting from a loss of inhibition to the spinal cord as a result of damage to the corticospinal tract. Clinically, hypertonicity can be seen as an increased resistance to passive movement (spasticity = the velocity-dependent resistance) and an increased stretch reflex response.
In this case the limb may be harder to move and range of motion may be limited. Typically after stroke, hypotonicity is seen first, and then hypertonicity develops during the first few weeks and months.
Muscle tone is the resistance of muscle to passive elongation or stretch .
There is a broad range of normal muscle tone seen in healthy individuals. Abnormal muscle tone is often separated into two major categories: hypotonicity and hypertonicity. Hypotonicity is reduced muscle tone resulting from a decreased or absent neural drive to the muscle.
It is often seen acutely after stroke as a result of damage to the corticospinal neurons, appearing as a decreased resistance to passive movement and a decreased or absent stretch reflex response.
Hypertonicity, also referred to as spasticity or hyperreflexia, is increased muscle tone resulting from a loss of inhibition to the spinal cord as a result of damage to the corticospinal tract. Clinically, hypertonicity can be seen as an increased resistance to passive movement (spasticity = the velocity-dependent resistance) and an increased stretch reflex response.
In this case the limb may be harder to move and range of motion may be limited. Typically after stroke, hypotonicity is seen first, and then hypertonicity develops during the first few weeks and months.
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