Genetic selection results in a higher growth rate and meat yield in broiler chickens than in layer chickens. We
herein demonstrated differences in the effects of 24 h of fasting on the expression of genes involved in skeletal
muscle proteolysis between broiler and layer chicks. The mRNA levels of proteolysis-related genes were analyzed
in the pectoralis major muscle of 14-day-old chicks after 0 or 24 h of fasting. The mRNA levels of ubiquitin ligases
such as atrogin-1 and muscle RING finger-1 (MuRF-1) as well as transcription factor forkhead box class O (FOXO)
1 were significantly increased by fasting in broiler and layer chicks, suggesting that the FOXO1-induced
ubiquitin–proteasome system, a major proteolytic system in skeletal muscles, was activated by fasting in both
chicks. The mRNA levels of atrogin-1 were significantly lower in broiler chicks than in layer chicks after fasting.
Furthermore, the mRNA levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 were significantly decreased by fasting in layer
chicks, but not in broiler chicks. The mRNA levels of FOXO3 were significantly increased by fasting in layer chicks,
but not in broiler chicks. Therefore, the ubiquitin–proteasome system did not appear to have been fully
upregulated in broiler chicks. These results suggest that differences in the expression of genes related to the
ubiquitin–proteasome system in skeletal muscle proteolysis between broiler and layer chicks during food
deprivation are one of the causes of the high growth rate in broiler chickens.
© 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Genetic selection results in a higher growth rate and meat yield in broiler chickens than in layer chickens. Weherein demonstrated differences in the effects of 24 h of fasting on the expression of genes involved in skeletalmuscle proteolysis between broiler and layer chicks. The mRNA levels of proteolysis-related genes were analyzedin the pectoralis major muscle of 14-day-old chicks after 0 or 24 h of fasting. The mRNA levels of ubiquitin ligasessuch as atrogin-1 and muscle RING finger-1 (MuRF-1) as well as transcription factor forkhead box class O (FOXO)1 were significantly increased by fasting in broiler and layer chicks, suggesting that the FOXO1-inducedubiquitin–proteasome system, a major proteolytic system in skeletal muscles, was activated by fasting in bothchicks. The mRNA levels of atrogin-1 were significantly lower in broiler chicks than in layer chicks after fasting.Furthermore, the mRNA levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 were significantly decreased by fasting in layerchicks, but not in broiler chicks. The mRNA levels of FOXO3 were significantly increased by fasting in layer chicks,but not in broiler chicks. Therefore, the ubiquitin–proteasome system did not appear to have been fullyupregulated in broiler chicks. These results suggest that differences in the expression of genes related to theubiquitin–proteasome system in skeletal muscle proteolysis between broiler and layer chicks during fooddeprivation are one of the causes of the high growth rate in broiler chickens.© 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
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