METHODS
Study design. We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis using a Markov cohort simulation model. We followed guidelines for economic evaluation by the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health and recommendations by the Panel on Cost Effectiveness in Health and Medicine.19,20 We simulated a cohort of patients with an average age of 63 years who underwent scheduled surgical procedures
lasting $90 min in the supine or lithotomy position (Table I).21