Training and Development . A performance appraisal should point out an employee's specific needs for training and development (T&D). For instance, if Matrese Celestine's job requires skill in technical writing and her evaluation reveals a deficiency in this factor, she may need additional training in written communication. If the human resource manager finds that a number of first-line supervisors are having difficulty in administering discipline, training sessions addressing this problem may be suggested. By identifying deficiencies that adversely affect performance, human resource and line managers are able to develop T&D programs that permit individuals to build on their strengths and minimize their deficiencies. An appraisal system does not guarantee that employees will be properly trained and developed. However, the task of determining training and development needs is assisted when appraisal data are available.