Abstract: The Inst. of Medicine and World Health Organization have determined that 0.8 to 0.83 g protein·kg−1·d−1
is the quantity of protein required to establish nitrogen balance in nearly all healthy individuals. However, consuming
higher protein diets may be metabolically advantageous, particularly for overweight and obese adults attempting weight
loss, and for physically active individuals such as athletes and military personnel. Studies have demonstrated that higher
protein diets may spare lean body mass during weight loss, promote weight management, enhance glycemic regulation,
and increase intestinal calcium absorption, which may result in long-term improvements in bone health. The
extent to which higher protein diets are beneficial is largely attributed to the digestive and absorptive properties, and
also to the essential amino acid (EAA) content of the protein. Proteins that are rapidly digested and absorbed likely
contribute to the metabolic advantages conferred by consuming higher protein diets. The EAA profiles, as well as the
digestive and absorptive properties of dairy proteins, such as whey protein and casein, are particularly advantageous
because they facilitate a rapid, robust, and sustained delivery of EAAs to the periphery. This article reviews the scientific
literature assessing metabolic advantages associated with higher protein diets on weight management, glycemic regulation,
and bone, with emphasis given to studies evaluating the potential benefits associated with dairy.
Abstract: The Inst. of Medicine and World Health Organization have determined that 0.8 to 0.83 g protein·kg−1·d−1is the quantity of protein required to establish nitrogen balance in nearly all healthy individuals. However, consuminghigher protein diets may be metabolically advantageous, particularly for overweight and obese adults attempting weightloss, and for physically active individuals such as athletes and military personnel. Studies have demonstrated that higherprotein diets may spare lean body mass during weight loss, promote weight management, enhance glycemic regulation,and increase intestinal calcium absorption, which may result in long-term improvements in bone health. Theextent to which higher protein diets are beneficial is largely attributed to the digestive and absorptive properties, andalso to the essential amino acid (EAA) content of the protein. Proteins that are rapidly digested and absorbed likelycontribute to the metabolic advantages conferred by consuming higher protein diets. The EAA profiles, as well as thedigestive and absorptive properties of dairy proteins, such as whey protein and casein, are particularly advantageousbecause they facilitate a rapid, robust, and sustained delivery of EAAs to the periphery. This article reviews the scientificliterature assessing metabolic advantages associated with higher protein diets on weight management, glycemic regulation,and bone, with emphasis given to studies evaluating the potential benefits associated with dairy.
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