The "double-functioningm 27 element and "both-and"
are related, but there is a distinction: the double-functioning
element pertains more to the particulars of use and
structure, while both-and refers more to the relation of the
part to the whole. Both-and emphasizes double meanings
over double-functions. But before I talk about the doublefunctioning
element, 1 want to mention the multifunctioning
building. By this term I mean the buil4ing which is
complex in program and form, yet strong as a whole-the
complex unity of Le Corbusier's La Tourette or the Palace
of Justice at Chandigarh in contrast to the multiplicities
and articulations of his Palace of the Soviets project or the
ArmCe du Salut in Paris. The latter approach separates
functions into interlocking wings or connected pavilions. It
has been typical of orthodox Modern architecture. The
incisive separations of the pavilions in Mies' design for the
urban Illinois Institute of Technology can be understood as
an extreme development of it.