His conclusion was that this would eventually lead to revolution – echoing the utopian internationalism of the earlier ideas of others including Saint-Simon. Two interesting points stand in Marx’s account: first, he is explicit that the underlying logic for the expansion of capitalism is cultural as well as economic; second, Marx viewed this process as one of ‘the interdependence of nations and recognises the continuing existence of the nation-state’ (Waters, 2001, p. 9).