Despite the frequent use of Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) in traditional medicine, there are few controlled studies confirming its biological activity. According to a review of herbal remedies for anxiety (Ernst, 2006), there has been only one placebo-controlled study on Brazilian lemongrass tea, conducted by Leite et al. (1986). Recently, our laboratory demonstrated the anxiolytic-like activity of the EO from Cymbopogon citratus in experimental models of generalized anxiety disorder and epilepsy (Costa et al., 2006; Blanco et al., 2009) at 500 and 1000 mg/kg. The