Opposite relationships of nematodes with fungi. Oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, is known as "nematophagus fungus", since the fungus hyphae excretes toxic chemical to paralyze nematodes, and the hyphae resolve and absorb nematodes' body. Indeed a fungal-feeding nematode, Aphelenchus avenae, is being fed upon by the fungus (left, Click to zoom out!). However, I recently found that the other nematode, Filenchus misellus, can avoid the fungal attack and feed on the hyphae (right)! For details please see my paper coming soon in Soil Biology and Biochemistry.