risk. It is found that the moment the tunnel reaches beneath a certain
point deserves the greatest attention to safety in the nearby
area, which accords with our common knowledge. Additionally,
we may also regard the second derivative of ground loss as a safety
warning index when it fails to reach 0 after the tunnel passes
through.
The spatio distribution and time-dependent characteristic of ground
settlement are investigated in this study. Futureworkwill focus on evaluation
and exploration of the impact of construction and geological conditions
on the changing regularity of ground settlement, since this study
has demonstrated that soil properties have some impact on the trough
width parameter.