Empirical findings show that the planning and execution of packaging innovations were guided largely by marketing considerations. In fact, marketing was not only the variable that occurred most frequently, but also the one that occurred by itself most often. In the context of consumer goods, marketing-related innovations had a largely functional purpose, with a specific impact on the practical value dimension. In other terms, we observed an improvement in the user-friendliness of goods (transportability, re-sealability, ease of handling, etc.) or in the verbal and iconic cues to the consumer, facilitating use and repeat usage (e.g. the directions for use) more frequently than other improvements. Second, innovation that referred to the shape of the container or the verbal and iconic signs conveyed by the packaging was frequently driven by the aim of
having a positive impact mainly on the “ideal” value dimension.