Book and Journal Piracy Severely Harms Publishers: Book and journal publishers continue to suffer from rampant piracy in Vietnam, in the form of illegal reprints and unauthorized photocopies. Bookshops, roadside vendors and copy shops all sell unauthorized copies of bestselling trade books, travel books and academic textbooks, and unlicensed print overruns continue to harm foreign publishers. Unauthorized translations produced by university lecturers or professors have been detected, in which the lecturers or professors append their name to the translated textbook. The English language teaching market continues to be hard hit. Much of the market (private-sector education and universities) is supplied by unauthorized reprints and adaptations. State-sector publishers (such as the Ministry of Youth and the General Publishing House of Ho Chi Minh City) also have an interest in making sure their licenses are not misused. Concerns about piracy have been raised at many levels (national, provincial and district), and local provincial authorities will conduct the occasional raid when prompted by a right holder, generally resulting in nothing more than the confiscation of goods and the imposition of a small, non-deterrent fine. Moreover, there are currently no university or government efforts to address the endemic piracy on university campuses. Universities should implement appropriate use and copyright policies that promote respect for copyright and raise awareness among personnel, faculty, and students in order to discourage infringing behavior.