higher concentratioThis review reported on the potential of cellular compo-
nents or metabolites from probiotics that could benefits
skin health and dermatological advancement, based on
recent in vivo and in vitro studies. Although many of
these studies have suggested positive potentials on skin
health, we foresee that such a dermal health claim is still
at its infancy, with the final topical applications requiring
more comprehensive and well-designed human trials, to
justify the exact doses needed, host dependency, possible
side effects, safety and regulatory compliances, and, more
importantly, the exact mechanisms for both direct and
indirect actions of the compounds and/or live cells.
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