In a study that examined the prevalence, conceptualisation, and
form of cooperative learning used by elementary teachers in the US,
Antil, Jenkins, Wayne, and Vadsay (1998) found that few were
employing recognised forms of cooperative learning in their
classrooms although all had indicated that they had daily cooperative
lessons in several subjects. Similar observations have been
made by Gillies (2003b) about teachers' grouping practices in
Australian schools.