Aerobic exercise reduced the risk of cognitive impairment
and dementia which can be explained by either a direct neurotrophic
effect of exercise or by an improvement in the cerebrovascular
and cardiovascular risk profiles. The authors argue that
aerobic exercise attenuates progression of neurodegenerative
processes and age-related loss of synapses and neuropil via facilitation
of neurotrophic factors and neuroplasticity (30).