A set of reactions were conducted by increasing the ratio
ofp-cresol (p-C) to succinic anhydride (SA) with molar ratios
ranging from 2:1 to 4:1 in toluene solvent with 0.5 g of Al
3+
-mont as catalyst for 8 h. The results show that the yield of the
ester increases with increase in the molar ratio of reactants.
The increase in the yield with increase in the molar ratio
is attributed to the shifting of equilibrium towards the ester
formation. The results also indicate that the optimum molar
ratio for the esterification is 3p-C:1SA.