This SMA illustrates a four-phased systems lifecycle methodology that tends toward the waterfall side of the
spectrum. This methodology is based on the Information Systems Audit and Control Association’s COBIT 5
framework, which represents a globally accepted framework for managing projects and ensuring controls are
met as systems change.13 The phases and their tasks are:
1. Project Planning—Assign project team, estimate time and financial resources necessary to complete
the project, and prioritize the work associated with the business problem or opportunity.
2. Systems and Process Analysis and Conceptual Design—Analyze the current state of the system
or process, gather the requirements for creating a new or upgraded system or process to ensure
functionality will not be lost with the change, and design the new system or process that will
address the objective defined in the Planning phase while maintaining the functionality defined
by the requirements.
3. Systems and Process Development and Test—Build the system or process based on the design,
test it to ensure the problem or opportunity is addressed and functionality has not been lost, and
design a support and maintenance structure to ensure there is a course of action if workers have
problems operating in the new system.
4. Implementation and Support—Implement the change as well as the support and maintenance
structure. While the support and maintenance structure is defined in the preceding phase, it
goes into place in phase four, and this plan should be modified in this phase if necessary
This SMA illustrates a four-phased systems lifecycle methodology that tends toward the waterfall side of thespectrum. This methodology is based on the Information Systems Audit and Control Association’s COBIT 5framework, which represents a globally accepted framework for managing projects and ensuring controls aremet as systems change.13 The phases and their tasks are:1. Project Planning—Assign project team, estimate time and financial resources necessary to complete the project, and prioritize the work associated with the business problem or opportunity.2. Systems and Process Analysis and Conceptual Design—Analyze the current state of the system or process, gather the requirements for creating a new or upgraded system or process to ensure functionality will not be lost with the change, and design the new system or process that will address the objective defined in the Planning phase while maintaining the functionality defined by the requirements.3. Systems and Process Development and Test—Build the system or process based on the design, test it to ensure the problem or opportunity is addressed and functionality has not been lost, and design a support and maintenance structure to ensure there is a course of action if workers have problems operating in the new system.4. Implementation and Support—Implement the change as well as the support and maintenance structure. While the support and maintenance structure is defined in the preceding phase, it goes into place in phase four, and this plan should be modified in this phase if necessary
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