grams was almost equally balanced with 100 (50.3%) of students participating in m-learning pro- grams and 99 (49.7%) of students not participating in an m-learning program.
The survey was developed and administered through a commercial online survey tool, Survey- Monkey (www.surveymonkey.com) and initially pilot tested by six students.
The students in each class were invited via email or a message via their learning management system (LMS) site to participate in the survey.