As explained in the previous section, conservatism is expected to reduce the value
relevance of both book value and residual earnings. In addition, we can make some
predictions about the effects of clean surplus accounting for goodwill and asset revaluations
on the value relevance of book value. However, the effects of these accounting
practices on the value relevance of residual earnings are less clear.
The Philippines is the most faithful to clean surplus accounting as both goodwill
and asset revaluations are amortized to income over their useful lives. The other