The defensiveness and passiveness of the managers can be attributed to several reasons – for example, it would be short-sighted on the part of managers to express mistrust of their employees and to admit problems in their organisations. This defensiveness and lack of self-criticism may be part of the overall managerial culture in Estonia and in young democracies in general. The lack of leadership skills, a fear of making mistakes and the tendency to self-justification all hamper the proactive development of managerial culture (Randma-Liiv, 2005). Furthermore, it has been argued that central and eastern Europe countries suffer from poor policy analysis and insufficient management experience (Verheijen, 1998; Randma-Liiv, 2005).