Under European Union regulations, insects would be allowed in feed only as processed animal protein (PAP). Past feed crises caused by the presence of dioxins in animal feeds and particularly outbreaks of bovine spongiform encelopathy (BSE) resulted in prohibition of PAP derived from mammals in animal feeds with the exception of hydrolyzed proteins by Regulation (EC) 999/2001. Regulation (EU) 56/2013 further prohibits feeding of PAP to all non-ruminant farm animals, other than fur animals, while allowing the use of PAP derived from non-ruminants, other than fishmeal, to feed aquaculture animals.
Insects mass-reared for feeding purposes would be classified as “farmed animals” (Smith and Pryor, 2013). As such, waste materials of animal origin allowed for feeding to farmed animals are limited by Regulation 1069/2009 to Category 3 material. This includes (but is not limited to) carcasses, blood and parts of slaughtered animals fit for human consumption which did not show any signs of disease communicable to humans or animals; products of animal origin no longer intended for human consumption for commercial reasons or due to defects during manufacturing or packaging; hatchery by-products; aquatic animals and animal by-products from aquatic animals (except sea mammals) from establishments manufacturing products for human consumption, and adipose tissue from animals slaughtered in a slaughterhouse. The feeding of catering waste or products derived from catering waste, which are also classified as Category 3 material, is prohibited to farmed animals other than fur animals. Feeding of terrestrial animals and farmed fish of a given species other than fur animals with processed animal protein derived from the bodies or parts of bodies of animals of the same species is also prohibited.
Under Regulation (EC) 1069/2009, the only permitted use of Category 2 material (including, but not limited to manure, products of animal origin declared unfit for human consumption due to the presence of foreign bodies, animals and parts of animals that died other than by being slaughtered or killed for human consumption, including animals killed for disease control purposes) related to insect-based waste processing is for manufacturing of organic fertilizers or soil improvers.
Both Category 2 and 3 material may be used as feed for maggots and worms for fishing bait.
Further regulations may apply if the insects grown on waste would be used for isolation of substances of medicinal or veterinary importance.
To allow commercial development of insect-based waste processing in Europe, existing legislation would have to be relaxed. Additional regulations would have to be considered to minimize environmental risks of the technology as well as address some of the newly-emerging issues, such as animal welfare during insect mass-rearing (Smith and Pryor, 2013).
ภายใต้กฎระเบียบของสหภาพยุโรป จะอนุญาตในอาหารแมลงเท่าประมวลผลสัตว์โปรตีน (PAP) วิกฤตที่เกิดจากของ dioxins ในตัวดึงข้อมูลสัตว์เลี้ยงที่ผ่านมา และโดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งการแพร่ระบาดของ encelopathy spongiform วัว (BSE) ส่งผลให้ prohibition บมาเลี้ยงลูกด้วยนมในตัวดึงข้อมูลสัตว์ยกเว้นโปรตีน hydrolyzed ตามระเบียบ (EC) 999/2001 (EU) 56/2013 เพิ่มเติมข้อบังคับห้ามให้อาหารของ PAP กับสัตว์ไม่เคี้ยวเอื้องฟาร์มทั้งหมด ไม่ใช่ขนสัตว์ ในขณะที่ความบมาไม่-ruminants อื่น ๆ fishmeal เลี้ยงสัตว์เพาะเลี้ยงสัตว์น้ำInsects mass-reared for feeding purposes would be classified as “farmed animals” (Smith and Pryor, 2013). As such, waste materials of animal origin allowed for feeding to farmed animals are limited by Regulation 1069/2009 to Category 3 material. This includes (but is not limited to) carcasses, blood and parts of slaughtered animals fit for human consumption which did not show any signs of disease communicable to humans or animals; products of animal origin no longer intended for human consumption for commercial reasons or due to defects during manufacturing or packaging; hatchery by-products; aquatic animals and animal by-products from aquatic animals (except sea mammals) from establishments manufacturing products for human consumption, and adipose tissue from animals slaughtered in a slaughterhouse. The feeding of catering waste or products derived from catering waste, which are also classified as Category 3 material, is prohibited to farmed animals other than fur animals. Feeding of terrestrial animals and farmed fish of a given species other than fur animals with processed animal protein derived from the bodies or parts of bodies of animals of the same species is also prohibited.Under Regulation (EC) 1069/2009, the only permitted use of Category 2 material (including, but not limited to manure, products of animal origin declared unfit for human consumption due to the presence of foreign bodies, animals and parts of animals that died other than by being slaughtered or killed for human consumption, including animals killed for disease control purposes) related to insect-based waste processing is for manufacturing of organic fertilizers or soil improvers.Both Category 2 and 3 material may be used as feed for maggots and worms for fishing bait.Further regulations may apply if the insects grown on waste would be used for isolation of substances of medicinal or veterinary importance.To allow commercial development of insect-based waste processing in Europe, existing legislation would have to be relaxed. Additional regulations would have to be considered to minimize environmental risks of the technology as well as address some of the newly-emerging issues, such as animal welfare during insect mass-rearing (Smith and Pryor, 2013).
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