In the short term, successful global talent management initiatives may provide a firm with a temporary advantage over competitors. In the long term, as the firm’s global talent management capabilities develop and as learning about how to management global talent becomes embedded in organizational systems, it may be possible for the firm to establish a sustainable global competitive advantage. Sustainability of competitive advantage is never assured, because the forces and shape of global talent challenges are likely to change as are the specific global talent challenges. Nevertheless, as firms gain experience and begin to develop the competencies needed for global success, they simultaneously position themselves to adapt as changing conditions require in the future.