2.4. Freezing procedure
For the freezing process, the ultrasonic tank was filled with 30% (w v1 ) CaCl2 solution (10 L) as freezing medium, which was cooled to the desirable temperature. The temperature was set up to reach an average solution temperature of 20 C
for all the experimental runs. 100 ± 0.5 g of prepared radish cylinder samples (per batch) were put into the tank randomly. One of those radish cylinders was chosen to put into a thin wire cylindrical cage with diameter 8 cm and height 5 cm. Immediately, they were immersed in the freezing solution at the fixed chosen location in the tank.