the state hegemonic project of identifying democracy with national ideology and good citizenship, described in this chapter, continued to be sustained in Thailand until the mid-1990s, providing state officials with a democratic imaginary that could be deployed for purposes of seeking sacrifice to the wellbeing of the Thai nation. This worked by endeavouring to create an identity between individual practice and the three pillars (nation, religion, monarchy). The attempt to create the mental frameworks of rationality and modernity are evident, if crude.