Biofuels are made from living things or the waste that they produce. One of the most common biofuels, ethanol, is produced from plants. The plant material used is the edible part of the plant such as sugar cane (Brazil) and sugar beet (France) or corn kernels (USA) because it can be easily be broken down to sugar (glucose). The sugar can then be fermented (broken down) to ethanol by microbes such as the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Not only is it expensive to convert edible plant material