containing amylose and amylopectin to corn syrup
containing mostly glucose followed by the isomerization
of the glucose in corn syrup to fructose to yield HFCS
(Figure 1). Three categories of HFCS are in common
use: HFCS-90 (90% fructose and 10% glucose) which is
used in specialty applications but more importantly is
blended with glucose syrup to yield HFCS-42 (42%
fructose and 58% glucose) and HFCS-55 (55% fructose
and 45% glucose). HFCS is called isoglucose in England
and glucose-fructose in Canada, and was first introduced
to the food and beverage industry in the late 1960s
(HFCS-42 in 1967) and 1970s (HFCS-55 in 1977) to
improve stability and functionality of various foods and
beverages. Carbohydrate sweeteners are craved for their
sweetness because they enhance the taste and enjoyment
of various foods. They are mostly monosaccharides
such as glucose, fructose, and galactose; and disaccharides
such as sucrose, lactose, and maltose. They come
in various forms such as cane and beet sugar, cane juice,
molasses, honey, fruit juice concentrates, corn syrups,