Etiologies for hyperparathyroidism are limited.
There are a few case reports suggesting a link between irradiation or genetic abnormalities and hyperparathyroidism.
Three major pathological conditions are associated with PHP: adenoma, hyperplasia and carcinoma.
Single adenomas account for approximately 89% of all adenomas, hyperplasia accounts for approximately 6% of all cases, and carcinoma occurs in 1% to 2% of PHP cases.