That serious forms of drug use, drug dealing and
violence are also more frequent among gang members
was confirmed by a longitudinal study conducted
on students from over 100 schools (middle
and high schools) in six American cities, who were
questioned for four consecutive years about their
belonging to a gang and their involvement in deviant
behaviour (Esbensen, Peterson, Freng, & Taylor,
2002). In that study, the enhancement model
seemed to fit better with the results observed. On
comparing gang members, non-gang youths with
delinquent friends and non-gang youths who did not
have delinquent friends, Battin et al. (1998) found
that gang membership predicted self-reported and
officially-recorded delinquency beyond the effects of
having delinquent friends and prior delinquency.
That serious forms of drug use, drug dealing and
violence are also more frequent among gang members
was confirmed by a longitudinal study conducted
on students from over 100 schools (middle
and high schools) in six American cities, who were
questioned for four consecutive years about their
belonging to a gang and their involvement in deviant
behaviour (Esbensen, Peterson, Freng, & Taylor,
2002). In that study, the enhancement model
seemed to fit better with the results observed. On
comparing gang members, non-gang youths with
delinquent friends and non-gang youths who did not
have delinquent friends, Battin et al. (1998) found
that gang membership predicted self-reported and
officially-recorded delinquency beyond the effects of
having delinquent friends and prior delinquency.
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