The particular approach that is most effective for the supply chain is largely determined by the degree to which a global or
universal set of practices creates effective and efficient sources of value on the one hand, and the need to be responsive to local
needs and conditions on the other (Douglas & Wind, 1987). These competing pressures influence the extent to which benefits
associated with common solutions to all HR system issues contribute to effectiveness, efficiency, and coordination objectives and
are a better trade-off than benefits associated with individualized solutions to local opportunities and problems.