Health impacts give rise to a range of costs borne by both the individual and the wider
community. Chapter 3 outlines a broad range of health endpoints that can be associated
with each of the identified pollutants, and Chapter 4 identifies the health endpoints that
can be quantified for the GMR.
This chapter identifies values that can be used to estimate the health costs associated
with air pollution (based on use of PM10 as the index pollutant). The chapter begins with
an overview of valuation methodologies. It reviews the appropriateness of
methodologies and discusses the uncertainties surrounding these cost estimates. It
concludes by discussing the estimates used in this study to value the cost of each health
outcome and the implications of the adopted valuation methodology for the study’s
results. Chapter 6 outlines the potential problem of double counting and how it can be
best avoided