To meet the energy demands and reduce the environmental
impact, the idea of integrating RESs such as solar photovoltaic,
solar thermal, wind, biomass and hybrid forms of energy with
water pumps has been proposed by many researchers around
the world [19]. Comparing with conventional fuel, solar water
pumping system has numerous advantages, for instance,
besides of no cost for fuel and maintenance, the system it has
no noise and pollution for the environment [20, 21]. Although
there are solar water pumps with high capacity (10 of kW can
be used), usually the pumps that are used in remote areas are
small scale one (usually less than 1500 W). The main issue
regarding to these systems is maintenance while at the same
time 24 h electrical service is not demanded [7, 22]. Solar
water pump system is generally divided into two groups; solar
photovoltaic and solar thermal water pumping systems. The
research developments with renewable energy source water
pumping systems are presented in this section. Renewable
energy source water pumping systems are classified into five
major groups as follows: (1) solar photovoltaic water pumping
systems, (2) solar thermal water pumping systems, (3) wind
energy water pumping systems, (4) biomass water pumping
systems and (5) hybrid renewable energy water pumping
systems. The typical solar water pump system was
demonstrated in the Figure 4.