In the quantitative parent involvement study (Deslandes & Bertrand, 2005) from Chapter 1. the citations to the literature cluster around the beginning and the end of the article. In opening paragraph’ the authors cite studies to document the importance of the problem: the need for parent involvement in their children’s educational processes at home and at school. Then, in paragraph 02, the authors explain that a model [or theory] exists in the literature that might explain parent involvement-the Hoover Dempsey and Sandler model. They also present research questions consistent parents with factors in this model that are expected to influence parent involvement: parents’ role construction parents’ self-efficacy, perceptions of teacher invitations and perceptions of adolescent invitations. The paragraphs that follow [paragraphs 03-09] represent the literature review about these four factors and paragraph 10 introduces the identify the deficiencies in what is known in this literature. Then, when you see paragraph 13, which presents the intent or purpose of the study, it makes sense because we now know that four factors and grade level will be of primary importance in this study. The authors also use literature when they discuss the measures that they use to collect data (e g.. see paragraph 16). Finally, the authors return to the literature in paragraphs 34-43 by comparing their results to other studies in the literature, as well as to theory mentioned at the beginning of the article.