of the important rice diseases in the world. In Egypt,
the disease is ranked the second most severe after blast
disease [14]. It can be a serious disease causing a
considerable yield loss from its affect on the quality
and the number of grains per panicle and reduced
kernel weight [26]. The persistent, injudicious use of
chemicals has been discouraged due to toxic effects
on non-target organisms and other more generally
undesirable effects on the environment. Many of these
chemicals are also too expensive for the resource poor
farmers [28]. However, research during the previous
two decades has led to the possibility of biological
control as an increasingly realistic option for rice
disease management [34]. Trichoderma spp. have
been used for many years as antagonists in the
biological control of many fungal plant diseases [12,
13, and 37]. Trichoderma spp. have been shown to be
effective for the control of both brown spot and blast
diseases on rice. Rasmy [29] pre-sprayed rice plants
with spore suspension of T. harzianum or T. viride at
the rate of 5 · 105 and 6 · 105 spore ml1, respectively,
and obtained a significant reduction in the
severity of both diseases under greenhouse conditions.
This study aimed to elucidate: (a) The mechanisms by
which T. harzianum antagonizes B. oryzae in vitro, (b)
the efficacy of spray application of spore suspension
of T. harzianum for control of rice brown spot disease
under field conditions, and (c) biochemical changes in
the rice plants that occurred as a response of treatment
with the biocontrol agent.
of the important rice diseases in the world. In Egypt,the disease is ranked the second most severe after blastdisease [14]. It can be a serious disease causing aconsiderable yield loss from its affect on the qualityand the number of grains per panicle and reducedkernel weight [26]. The persistent, injudicious use ofchemicals has been discouraged due to toxic effectson non-target organisms and other more generallyundesirable effects on the environment. Many of thesechemicals are also too expensive for the resource poorfarmers [28]. However, research during the previoustwo decades has led to the possibility of biologicalcontrol as an increasingly realistic option for ricedisease management [34]. Trichoderma spp. havebeen used for many years as antagonists in thebiological control of many fungal plant diseases [12,13, and 37]. Trichoderma spp. have been shown to beeffective for the control of both brown spot and blastdiseases on rice. Rasmy [29] pre-sprayed rice plantswith spore suspension of T. harzianum or T. viride atthe rate of 5 · 105 and 6 · 105 spore ml1, respectively,and obtained a significant reduction in theseverity of both diseases under greenhouse conditions.This study aimed to elucidate: (a) The mechanisms bywhich T. harzianum antagonizes B. oryzae in vitro, (b)the efficacy of spray application of spore suspensionof T. harzianum for control of rice brown spot diseaseภายใต้เงื่อนไขฟิลด์ และ (c) การเปลี่ยนแปลงชีวเคมีในพืชข้าวที่เกิดขึ้นเป็นการตอบสนองของการรักษามีตัวแทนของ biocontrol
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