The effects observed in the current study occurred at mean levels (0.6–0.8 mg?m-3) well below the current occupational
exposure standard (5 mg?m-3) used in most countries (table 1). This finding is in line with other studies [7, 8] and suggests that the standard may be too high, as suggested previously [1].
In conclusion, exposure to pine wood dust, and/or specific components therein, may increase the risk of atopy and
obstructive and restrictive pulmonary effects.