Previous research carried out by Radovanovic et al. (2012)
incorporated 30% of JA into a rice based formulation that was processed
with extrusion technology. The level of inulin showed significant
(P < 0.05) increase as a result of JA incorporation and
extrusion processing. The same study showed that JA significantly
reduced the mean level of blood glucose although, the level of GI
recorded was not considered as a low GI food. It could be suggested
that incorporation of 30% JA had significant difference in reducing
GI in the rice and buckwheat formulations (91.26 and 63, respectively).
There are number of factors that may account for the variations
observed in GI, due to inclusion of JA, such as the type/
variety of the ingredients used, there botanical origin and the level
of JA included. According to Jenkins et al. (1981) buckwheat is considered
as a medium GI food with GI of 51 whilst rice as a high with
GI of 72. In our studies the GIs of buckwheat and rice extrudates
were much higher with the values of 70 and 97.36, respectively.
The main reason for these variations is suggested to be due to
the use of different testing approaches related to blood samples,
experimental time and portion size of food given (Jenkins et al.,
1981).