The mixing was carried out by placing the fine aggregate,
cement and the tire crumb aggregate in the bowl mixer and allowing it to mix for 2 min.
One-third (1/3) of the water and the OPFF were added and allowed to mix for an additional 2 min.
The remaining water was added for the final mixing until a consistent mix was achieved throughout the mass.
This procedure was used to prevent the balling effect experienced using the conventional approach.